Historical Context:

1. -1642: Taj Mahal is built in India
   

2. -1642: Rembrandt van Rijn paints “The Night Watch”
   

3. -1645: Seventy year period of extremely cold winters begins (Maunder Minimum/Little Ice Age). Canals regularly freeze in Netherlands
   

4. -1648: End of the Eighty Years’ War/Dutch War of Independence
   

5. -1650: WIllem II dies (of smallpox) and Netherlands is without a monarch (to 1672)
   

6. -1652: Dutch East Indies Co establishes a settlement near Cape of Good Hope
   

7. -1652 (through 1654): First Anglo Dutch War (for supremacy of the seas)
   

8. -1653: Battle of Scheveningen
   

9. -1654: Peace with England (Treaty of Westminster). J de Witt;  Statesman of the Dutch Republic
   

10. -1661: Brazil sold to Portugal
    

11. -1665 (through 1667): 2nd Anglo Dutch War
    

12. -1666: (non aboriginal) population of Canada (New France) was 3,200 people. First census in North America conducted by Jean Talon
    

13. -1670: Hudson’s Bay Company is founded.
    

14. -1672 (through 1674): 3rd Anglo Dutch War
    

15. -1672: Louis XIV (France) invades Holland
    

16. -1675 Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers microorganisms through his microscope
    

17. -1677: Aboriginal population of Canada estimated at 10,000.
    

18. -1679: Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle (Robert LaSalle) sails up the St Clair River, past the future city of Sarnia, and into Lake Huron
    

19. -1689: John Locke returns to England from Netherlands espousing religious tolerance, and arguing against the “divine right of kings”
    

20. -1681: Census shows 481 people residing in Noordwijk
    

21. -1700: Population estimates::
    

    ..World - 600 million

    ..Europe - 86 million

    ..Netherlands - 1.8 million

    ..Canada* - less than 50,000

       ...including approximately 20,000 aboriginal peoples from the Huron, Iroquois, Algonquin, Ottawa and other tribes and approximately 20,000 non aboriginal population in the colonies of of New France (approximately 17,500) and Newfoundland (1,500)

- 1700: English Life Expectancy approximately 36 years

Claes Janszoon (Plugh)

Born: October 1641

- Noordwijk aan Zee, Zuid Holland, NETHERLANDS

Married:

Trijntje Gerritsdochter Moerkercken - 27 May 1667

Children:

    * Gerrit Claeszoon Plug (b. Aug 1675  d. 10 May 1743)

    Maartje Plug (b. September 1677 d. 30 Jul 1718)

    Jan Claeszoon Plug (b. Mar 1679  d. 30 Oct 1736)

    Elisabeth Plug (b. Mar 1681)

Died: 1710

1. -Noordwijk aan Zee, Zuid Holland, NETHERLANDS
   

Sailor (“zeeman”)

1. -in the 1681 Census of Noordwijk
   

Parents:

1. -Jan Janszoon (Plug) (b. 1591  d. aft 1641)
   

2. -Lijsbeth Dircksdochter
   

Historical Census Information:

1. -Zout, Zeep, Heere en Redemptiegeld voor het Jaar 1681        53: Claes Jansz Plugh - Zeeman, No taxes due,  5 children
   

1. -Zout, Zeep, Heere en Redemptiegeld voor het Jaar 1684         
   

     041: Claas Jansz Plugh - No taxes due

- Zout, Zeep, Heere en Redemptiegeld voor het Jaar 1685         

     039: Claas Jansz Plugh - taxes of: 1 gulden, 5 stuivers

“Relief of Leiden”

after the Siege (1574)

“Battle of Scheveningen”

(10 Aug 1653)

Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten

“Skating Fun”

Hendrick Avercamp,

17th Century Dutch Painter

“The Night Watch”

Rembrandt van Rijn

1642